Аннотации к статьям

 

№1

John Dewey, an American philosopher and educator, published the paper “My Pedagogic Creed” in 1897. The year of publication only emphasizes the fact that his ideas help us to rethink the role of education and educators in our time. This paper gave birth to a new trend in the US pedagogy and helped educators in America to understand better the nature of a child and the ways of the development of the social science itself. His thoughts became new for his contemporaries – the teachers rejected the idea of developing children’s abilities and needs, students had to learn by heart what their teachers gave them – and needed time for understanding and adopting. 

John Dewey realized the importance of education not only for any child, but for the country and the whole civilization. He also underlines the value of the teacher in the process of education. Later he implemented some of his ideas. Dewey offered a project based method including the following: investigating and creating; problem solving and developing practical skills; working in small groups and collaborating.

We should notice that the educators had forgot about the pedagogical innovations of John Dewey by the middle of the XX century (different thoughts and ideas appeared); nowadays we can see a new wave of interest to the main points of his pedagogic creed. We find things that help us to improve modern methods of teaching in Dewey’s works.

The basic principles of his concept are:

education means a socially significant activity;

education reflects on relevance of the members of the community;

training deals with  the process of life, not a preparation for the future;

the idea of universal education provides every person an equal opportunity to develop his or her own talent;

the involvement of the whole population in the educational process gives a chance to improve the social environment of the humans.

John Dewey’s belief in education as the main ground for “social progress” and the teacher as a guide of the “proper social life” comes through the every line of the paper. We can assert that the new paradigm of XXI century education – collaboration, problem solving, project based learning, contextuality, critical thinking – use the main principals of John Dewey’s conception given in the paper “My Pedagogic Creed”.

http://dewey.pragmatism.org/creed.htm

 

 

№ 2

The modern world – the Information Age -- requires the emergence of a new type of human being. These requirements include the ability to collaborate with other people, to develop thinking skills and to engage in continuous self-education. A new approach to learning assumes the use of progressive methods and technologies in the innovative pedagogy. The system of “peer teaching” -- one of such technologies -- allows to achieve the goal. The basic components of the above-mentioned educational technology include motivation, responsibility and cooperation. Learning by seeing and hearing others has a high retention rate; the students can keep in memory up to 90 % of received information. This last point leads to the consideration of the fact that direct interaction between peers provides brain development.

We can point out some limitations in the past studies of the pedagogical technology. They relate to the place and the role of the teacher in the educational process. In accordance with the idea that the students acquire knowledge, the teacher moves from the center of the educational model to the outskirts, and his/her role changes from “the main person in the class” to the “learning guide” at the first stage of getting  knowledge. Other gaps include the using of global collaboration; social networking goes on the first place. We asked if the phenomena – social networks -- helped to motivate students in their knowledge acquisition.

The aims of this study were to investigate the main advantages and disadvantages of using social networks in the “peer teaching” system and to find out the basic principles of teachers’ interaction with their students. Our hypothesis was that 21^st century collaboration through “peer teaching” system should involve not only classroom tools and techniques, but social networking; it gives an opportunity to students with different abilities to master their learning skills and to develop a sense of responsibility for their self-education.

Личные качества

Целеустремленность, ответственность, работоспособность.